[Year:2017] [Month:May-August] [Volume:7] [Number:2] [Pages:1] [Pages No:0 - 0]
DOI: 10.5005/jcd-7-2-iv | Open Access | How to cite |
[Year:2017] [Month:May-August] [Volume:7] [Number:2] [Pages:5] [Pages No:77 - 81]
DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10031-1189 | Open Access | How to cite |
Abstract
The detection of carious lesions in the initial stages of development is very important to prevent the occurrence of cavitation. Visual examination and the use of a dental probe, bite-wing radiography, and fiberoptic transillumination (FOTI) have long been recommended for this purpose. Visual examination and probing of suspected lesions are useful for detecting occlusal caries, but achieve no gain of sensitivity and might cause irreversible tooth damage. Bite-wing radiography helps to detect approximal lesions better than clinical examination and probing the lesion. But the diagnostic performance of bite-wing radiography at approximal and occlusal sites is different. The FOTI is a quick and inexpensive method that can enhance visual examination of all tooth surfaces. The aim of this A total of 46 patients without missing teeth and dentures in the posterior region of jaws were examined for the evaluation of all premolar and molar teeth contacts. Three blinded practitioners examined the patients. First one evaluated radiologically, second one visually, and the last one evaluated with FOTI. According to statistical results, bite-wing radiograph had the highest sensitivity. However, evaluation with FOTI had acceptable results to detect approximal caries. Study of the results has shown that clinically FOTI is an adjunct method for detection of approximal caries. Eren H, Yuksel HT, Inceoglu B, Kursun ES, Gorgun S. Comparison of Visual Examination, Bite-wing Radiography, and Fiberoptic Transillumination on Caries Detection. J Contemp Dent 2017;7(2):77-81.
[Year:2017] [Month:May-August] [Volume:7] [Number:2] [Pages:4] [Pages No:82 - 85]
DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10031-1190 | Open Access | How to cite |
Abstract
To determine the solubility of nanohybrid (NH) composite resins when immersed in saliva substitute and distilled water. A total of 60 disc-shaped samples (n = 30) were prepared in teflon molds of diameter 10 mm × 2 mm thickness from two NH composite resins. They were light-cured following which the samples were removed and weighed three times using a digital balance. Samples were then immersed in test solutions, i.e., 100 mL of distilled water and saliva substitute each stored for 24 hours and 7, 14, 21, and 28 days in an incubator at 37°C at 100% humidity. At the time intervals mentioned, the samples were removed from the incubator, washed with distilled water, blotted dry, and weighed. Samples were again immersed in fresh test solutions. Difference in preweight and postweight of samples was calculated and data were analyzed using appropriate test by testing normality. A p-value < 0.05 was considered to be significant. The results were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). As observed from the baseline weight to the 28th day weight, there was a loss of weight of the samples in all the groups except NH composite resin (Flash) in distilled water. From the results of the study, it was observed that there was no statistically significant difference in weight, with respect to the solubility of the two NH composite resins and the two solutions tested. Clinical significance of the study is that the NH composite resin that shows lesser solubility can be the choice for an esthetic restorative material in patients for long-term results. Mahajan RP, Shenoy VU, Sumanthini MV, Walzade PS. Comparative Evaluation of Solubilities of Two Nanohybrid Composite Resins in Saliva Substitute and Distilled Water: An
[Year:2017] [Month:May-August] [Volume:7] [Number:2] [Pages:5] [Pages No:86 - 90]
DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10031-1191 | Open Access | How to cite |
Abstract
The aim of the article is to compare the effects of three different nickel–titanium (NiTi) rotary instruments on the fracture resistance of obturated roots. A total of 100 permanent mandibular premolars were randomly divided into four groups of 25 teeth each and biomechanical preparation was done: group I: stainless steel K-hand files (HFs), group II: ProTaper NiTi instruments (PT), group III: HyFlex CM NiTi instruments (HCM), and group IV: K3XF NiTi instruments. Following root canal preparation, the canals were obturated using lateral condensation. A light body silicone impression material was used to simulate the periodontal ligament (PDL). Fracture resistance was tested in an Instron testing machine. Data were analyzed with Kruskal–Wallis test. There was no difference in significance (p < 0.05) among the different groups tested with respect to their fracture resistances. The present study concluded that rotary instrumentation could result in an increased chance for dentinal defects as compared with hand instrumentation. Greater taper rotary NiTi instruments do not increase the fracture susceptibility of roots, which in turn depends on various factors other than instrumentation alone. Greater taper achieved by rotary NiTi files during canal preparation facilitates efficient irrigation and complete debridement. Root fracture might occur as a result of microcracks or craze lines that propagate with repeated stress application by occlusal forces and also during canal preparation. Based on the results obtained, it can be decided whether the use of the newer rotary NiTi system contributes to endodontic success and long-term survival of endodontically treated teeth. Shaikh SAH, Shenoy VU, Sumanthini MV, Pawar RB. Comparison of the Effects of Three Different Nickel–titanium Rotary Instruments on the Fracture Resistance of Obturated Roots: An
Assessment of Dental Anxiety Levels in Patients undergoing Endodontic Treatment
[Year:2017] [Month:May-August] [Volume:7] [Number:2] [Pages:6] [Pages No:91 - 96]
DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10031-1192 | Open Access | How to cite |
Abstract
Dental anxiety may be defined as a state of unpleasant feeling combined with an associated feeling of impending doom or danger from within than from without. Anxious patients are difficult to manage and tend to avoid treatment. The aim of the study is to evaluate the level of dental anxiety among patients undergoing endodontic treatment. Consent form and a pro forma of questionnaire [Modified Dental Anxiety Scale (MDAS)] in three different languages were used. The patients undergoing endodontic treatment were first explained about the study and how the study would be carried out with a sample size of 250 patients. The minimum score of 5 and the maximum score of 25 was considered for evaluation. Cut off at 19 or above indicates a highly dentally anxious patient. Analysis was done using the Student’s t-test and Kruskal–Wallis test. There were significant differences in the level of anxiety between male and female patients when the tooth was about to be drilled, when the teeth were about to be scaled, and when the local anesthetic was to be administered (p = 0.05, 0.02, and 0.06 respectively), except for anxiety levels a day prior to treatment and when patients were in the waiting room, which was not significant (p = 0.46 and 0.14 respectively). In general, it was observed that patients are slightly anxious related to dental appointments and fairly anxious when related to treatments. Female patients tend to be more anxious than men, and patients in age group below 25 years are more anxious than other age groups. Phodse K, Shenoy VU, Machale PS. Assessment of Dental Anxiety Levels in Patients undergoing Endodontic Treatment. J Contemp Dent 2017;7(2):91-96.
[Year:2017] [Month:May-August] [Volume:7] [Number:2] [Pages:6] [Pages No:97 - 102]
DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10031-1193 | Open Access | How to cite |
Abstract
To comparatively evaluate the fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth restored with light-cured composite resin core using two different designs of prefabricated metal posts. A total of 30 single-rooted anterior teeth were selected for the study and endodontically treated. Teeth were sectioned 2 mm above the cementoenamel junction and were randomly divided into two groups (n = 15). Teeth in group I were restored with Parallel post—EG post and group II with parallel post with coronal flare—i post. Light-cured composite core buildup was done in all samples using a customized core former. Compressive load was applied at a 135° angle to the long axis of the tooth at a cross-head speed of 1 mm/minute until visible signs of fracture were observed. Levene's test and t-test were used to determine the difference of the failure loads between the groups (α = 0.05). The mean values (standard deviation [SD]) for fracture resistance were 295.55 N and 469.59 N for parallel post—EG post and parallel post with coronal flare—i post respectively. Since the p-value for the The study conducted evaluated that the fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth with parallel post with coronal flare—i post and core buildup had better strength as compared with parallel post—EG post and core buildup. The present study will help the clinician to select the appropriate prefabricated metal post that will fit exactly into the coronal flare of the canal improving clinical performance, thus increasing the longevity of the restoration. Gaikwad AM, Shah N, Ram SM. A Comparative Evaluation of Fracture Resistance of Endodontically Treated Teeth restored with Composite Resin Core using Two Different Designs of Prefabricated Metal Posts: An
Association between Obesity and Periodontitis in a South Indian Population: A Cross-sectional Study
[Year:2017] [Month:May-August] [Volume:7] [Number:2] [Pages:4] [Pages No:103 - 106]
DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10031-1194 | Open Access | How to cite |
Abstract
The aim of the study was to assess the relationship between obesity and periodontal status as well as evaluate its association with other demographic variables like age and gender among patients in KLE Society’s Institute of Dental Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India. A total of 200 patients (aged between 18 and 70 years) visiting the KLE Dental College in Bengaluru were analyzed for obesity and periodontal status. The body mass index (BMI) was used as an indicator of obesity and calculated as the ratio of the subject’s body weight (in kg) to the square of the height (in meters). Periodontal status was evaluated using community periodontal index (CPI). The relationship between BMI and periodontal status was assessed using binary multiple logistic regression analysis. Results indicated a positive correlation between BMI and periodontitis in the study group. Logistic regression analysis revealed that risk of periodontitis increases by 38% for each 1 kg/m2 increase in BMI. The risk of periodontitis increases with increase in age and influence of gender is not found to be significant. Obesity could be a potential risk factor for periodontitis. Estimation of the BMI could, thus, be used in periodontal risk assessment. Obesity, as measured by BMI, is hypothesized to be involved in immunoinflammatory alterations, including periodontitis. The study also showed that obesity can be a potential risk factor for periodontitis. The BMI measurement should be used regularly as a part of periodontal risk assessment. Moreover, periodontists should counsel obese persons regarding the possible oral complications of obesity, to diminish morbidity for these individuals. Gigras S, Patil SR, Veena HR, Walia KD. Association between Obesity and Periodontitis in a South Indian Population: A Cross-sectional Study. J Contemp Dent 2017;7(2):103-106.
Evaluation of Nuclear Morphometry in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Retrospective Study
[Year:2017] [Month:May-August] [Volume:7] [Number:2] [Pages:7] [Pages No:107 - 113]
DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10031-1195 | Open Access | How to cite |
Abstract
To evaluate and compare various nuclear morphometric parameters in different histopathological grades of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) by using computerized image analysis and also to correlate it with regional lymph node metastasis. This retrospective study was conducted on paraffin blocks of 40 tissue specimens of OSCC cases treated with neck dissection, which were retrieved from the archives of the Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Mahatma Gandhi Mission’s Dental College and Hospital, Navi Mumbai, India. All cases were histopathologically graded as well, moderately, and poorly differentiated OSCC. Further, they were also categorized based on pathological lymph node status as with or without lymph node metastasis. Sections from tumor proper were subjected to Feulgen nuclear staining technique. Images of 10 microscopic fields at the deepest invading part of tumor were captured randomly and 100 nuclei of tumor cells with clear, complete, nonoverlapping outlines were selected in each case. Nuclear morphometric parameters, such as large diameter, small diameter, nuclear area, and nuclear perimeter were measured for each of the 100 cells. An increase in mean nuclear area coefficient of variation (NACV) was observed in OSCC cases with lymph node metastasis pN(+) than in those without lymph node metastasis pN(–), (p = 0.67). A significant increase in nuclear area and perimeter was observed in pN(+) cases (p < 0.01). A significant decrease in circular rate and increase in largest to smallest nuclear diameter (L/S) ratio (p < 0.01) was observed in pN(+) cases. On comparing the nuclear morphometric parameters with different histopathological grades of OSCC, we found an increase in mean NACV values from well-differentiated OSCC to moderately differentiated and poorly differentiated OSCC (p = 0.612). An increase in mean nuclear area and perimeter was noted as grades of OSCC advanced (p > 0.01). The mean circular rate was found to be lowest in poorly differentiated OSCC (p = 0.362). A significant increase in mean L/S ratio was observed within different histopathological grades of OSCC (p = 0.044), which when further confirmed using least significant difference (LSD) Our observations reveal that tumor cells with greater nuclear dimension and more elliptical shape tend to show increased incidence of nodal metastasis. Also, a positive inclination was observed in nuclear size and shape with increasing histopathological grades of OSCC. However, our data warrant a large-scale study to establish nuclear morphometry as a quantitative objective parameter and also for the rational application of the same. Narayanan N, Pathak J, Patel S, Swain N. Evaluation of Nuclear Morphometry in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Retrospective Study. J Contemp Dent 2017;7(2):107-113.
[Year:2017] [Month:May-August] [Volume:7] [Number:2] [Pages:4] [Pages No:114 - 117]
DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10031-1196 | Open Access | How to cite |
Abstract
To evaluate the effect of bi-jaw premolar extractions on Bolton tooth size discrepancy in patients of Indian origin, all of which exhibited a bilateral Angle’s class I molar relationship. Ninety sets of pretreatment study casts, which constituted the sample for the study, were divided into three groups, namely, Bolton small (BS), Bolton normal (BN), and Bolton big (BB). Simulated bi-jaw extraction of premolars was carried out in four different combinations for each set of study cast. The four values of Bolton’s overall ratio (BOR) thus obtained were compared with the original BOR value. The BOR value reduced when subjected to any of the four combinations of bi-jaw premolar extractions. Premolar extraction in any combination inevitably changes the BOR value, which potentially affects the settling of occlusion toward the finishing stages of orthodontic treatment. The present study provides an insight into the choice of bi-jaw premolar extraction combination for each of the three groups in patients exhibiting class I malocclusion in the Indian population. Tahilramani S, Karandikar GR, Krishnan RV, Sonawane M. Effect of Bi-jaw Premolar Extractions on Tooth Size Discrepancy in an Indian Population having Class I Malocclusion: An
[Year:2017] [Month:May-August] [Volume:7] [Number:2] [Pages:3] [Pages No:119 - 121]
DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10031-1197 | Open Access | How to cite |
Abstract
Various chemical agents are being used as an adjunct to mechanical therapy. Chlorhexidine (CHX), though considered as the gold standard, has certain side effects. The use of herbal products as an adjunctive therapy is thus gaining more popularity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory efficacies of two commercially available mouthwashes. Antimicrobial activity of the mouthwashes was analyzed The herbal mouthwash was effective against the tested organisms The herbal mouthwash showed antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects comparable with that of 0.2% CHX, and may have a potential as an adjunct to scaling and root planing. Thakur S, Malagi S, Acharya AB. Evaluation of the Antimicrobial and Anti-inflammatory Efficacy of Two Commercially Available Mouthwashes. J Contemp Dent 2017;7(2):118-121.
Cysticercosis presenting as Neck Swelling: A Rare Case diagnosed on Ultrasound Report
[Year:2017] [Month:May-August] [Volume:7] [Number:2] [Pages:3] [Pages No:122 - 124]
DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10031-1198 | Open Access | How to cite |
Abstract
Cysticercosis is a condition that occurs when humans are infested by the larvae of Oral cysticercosis is a rare event, and it represents great difficulty for clinical diagnosis. In present report we report a case of cysticercosis in the right submandibular region where it presented as a large, soft cystic swelling and tried to explain the clinical sign & symptom of oral cysticercosis. We emphasize on the importance of ultrasonographic and routine microscopic examinations for the diagnosis of even apparently innocuous lesions in submandibular regions. This is a very rare case of oral cysticercosis showing neck swelling extended from the lower border of the mandible to the thyroid cartilage. The diagnosis was made by sonography and confirmed by gross and microscopic examination of cysticercosis cellulosae. In ultrasonography, there was well-defined cystic lesion with hyperechoic eccentric tiny nodules. Chandak RM, Chandak MG, Rawlani SM. Cysticercosis presenting as Neck Swelling: A Rare Case diagnosed on Ultrasound Report. J Contemp Dent 2017;7(2):122-124.
Management of Bilateral Oehlers’ Type II Dens Invaginatus in Maxillary Lateral Incisors
[Year:2017] [Month:May-August] [Volume:7] [Number:2] [Pages:5] [Pages No:125 - 129]
DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10031-1199 | Open Access | How to cite |
Abstract
To describe the management of type II dens invaginatus in permanent maxillary lateral incisors. Teeth affected by dens invaginatus show a deep infolding of enamel and dentine starting from the foramen coecum or even the tip of the cusps which may extend deep into the root. Dens invaginatus can be managed conservatively when it does not involve pulp and periodontal ligament. Moreover it may show a broad spectrum of morphologic variations and frequently results in early pulp necrosis if left undetected in early stages. Root canal treatment of such teeth is challenging because of the complex pulp space anatomy. In the present case, bilateral occurrence of type II dens invaginatus was detected in maxillary lateral incisors. Following conservative cavity preparation, 12 was restored with an adhesive restoration. However as pulp exposure was observed in 22, it was endodontically treated. Class II dens invaginatus without pulpal involvement can be treated successfully by conservative means there by maintaining the vitality of tooth. Early detection and immediate management leads to reduced tooth destruction thereby enhancing the long term prognosis. This case report will aid clinicians in the early detection and conservative management of tooth anomalies like dens invaginatus. Walzade PS, Sumanthini MV, Shenoy VU, Mahajan RP. Management of Bilateral Oehlers’ Type II Dens Invaginatus in Maxillary Lateral Incisors. J Contemp Dent 2017;7(2):125-129.
Clinical Application of Modified Apically Repositioned Flap in Class III/IV Gingival Recession Cases
[Year:2017] [Month:May-August] [Volume:7] [Number:2] [Pages:5] [Pages No:130 - 134]
DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10031-1200 | Open Access | How to cite |
Abstract
Mucogingival conditions may be detected during a comprehensive or problem-focused periodontal examination. The aim of periodontal therapy is to help maintain the dentition or its replacements in health with good function and esthetics, and may include restoring anatomic form and function. A further goal is to reduce the risk of progressive recession. Among the procedures, root coverage has attracted the most interest. A predictable gain can be achieved in class I or II recession cases, but prognosis tends to be poor for class III and IV. The purpose of this case series was to clinically evaluate the efficacy of modified apically repositioned flap in increasing the dimensions of the keratinized tissue in apical direction in class III or IV gingival recession. A total of seven systemically healthy patients with class III or IV recession involving one or more teeth in mandibular anterior region were selected for the study. Primary parameters assessed were width of keratinized gingiva and pocket depth. The mean apicocoronal gain in the keratinized tissue at 6 months was 2.14 mm with mean baseline value of 1.43 mm and 6 months value at 3.57 mm. The clinical gain was statistically significant with p-value <0.05. Modified apically displaced flap offers an easy and predictable approach for increasing the width of keratinized tissue. Singh H, Kosala M, Mandlik VB. Clinical Application of Modified Apically Repositioned Flap in Class III/IV Gingival Recession Cases. J Contemp Dent 2017;7(2):130-134.
Congenital Alveolar Synechiae in a Neonate: Case Report and Review of Literature
[Year:2017] [Month:May-August] [Volume:7] [Number:2] [Pages:4] [Pages No:135 - 138]
DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10031-1201 | Open Access | How to cite |
Abstract
This case report highlights the management of congenital alveolar synechiae (CAS) in a 4-day-old neonate to alleviate the parent’s anxiety and associated problems. Congenital alveolar synechiae is a rare developmental anomaly found in neonates characterized by adherence of both the jaws by the fibrocollagenous bands. It will cause difficulty in feeding, has reduced mouth opening, and also affects the development of the jaws, if not excised at an early age. A 4-day-old neonate reported with inability to open the mouth properly. A diagnosis of CAS was made and managed under inhalation general anesthesia. Early management results in resolution of the feeding difficulty and adequate mouth opening. These cases should be managed as early as possible to prevent possible complications. Kumar N, Kumari R, Gauba K, Kapur A. Congenital Alveolar Synechiae in a Neonate: Case Report and Review of Literature. J Contemp Dent 2017;7(2):135-138.