Journal of Contemporary Dentistry

Register      Login

VOLUME 9 , ISSUE 2 ( May-August, 2019 ) > List of Articles

ORIGINAL RESEARCH

Salivary Analytes in Patients of Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders and their Role in Early Detection of Oral Cancer: A Cross-sectional Study

Prutha B Rathod, Ajay Bhoosreddy, Chetan Bhadage, Pragati Bramhe, Prajakta Chaudhari, Priyanka Giri

Keywords : Oral potentially malignant disorders, Oral squamous cell carcinoma, Saliva

Citation Information : Rathod PB, Bhoosreddy A, Bhadage C, Bramhe P, Chaudhari P, Giri P. Salivary Analytes in Patients of Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders and their Role in Early Detection of Oral Cancer: A Cross-sectional Study. J Contemp Dent 2019; 9 (2):85-88.

DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10031-1259

License: CC BY-NC 4.0

Published Online: 15-07-2020

Copyright Statement:  Copyright © 2019; The Author(s).


Abstract

Background: The comprehensive salivary analysis had revealed an overall altered salivary composition in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) indicating a compromised oral environment in OSCC and suggesting salivary analysis as a new diagnostic tool for oral cancer. The mechanism behind these alterations is unknown; however, previous studies hypothesized that the tissue-abusive habits present in these patients contribute to saliva alterations. Objectives: Thus, the present study aims to find how far this hypothesis stands true. In addition, the present study also aims to find whether these same salivary analytes are altered in oral potentially malignant disorders (oral leukoplakia, oral submucous fibrosis) and in case of positive results, these salivary analytes detected in precancerous stage could prove of great significance for early detection of OSCC. Materials and methods: Unstimulated saliva samples were collected from 15 patients with tissue-abusive habits and oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD) and 15 otherwise healthy individuals with tissue-abusive habits but without lesions and subjected to flame photometry for estimation of levels of Na, K, and Ca. Results: It revealed elevated levels of Na and Ca and lower concentration of K in OPMD patients compared to healthy individuals. Conclusion: We conclude that an altered level of salivary analytes in OPMD similar to that found in OSCC is suggestive of saliva as an emerging diagnostic tool.


HTML PDF Share
  1. Kantola S, Parikka M, Jokinen K, et al. Prognostic factors in tongue cancer—relative importance of demographic, clinical and histopathological factors. Br J Cancer 2000;83(5):614–619. DOI: 10.1054/bjoc.2000.1323.
  2. Myers JN, Elkins T, Roberts D, et al. Squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue in young adults: increasing incidence and factors that predict treatment outcomes. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2000;122(1):44–51. DOI: 10.1016/S0194-5998(00)70142-2.
  3. Gualtero DF, Suarez A. Biomarkers in saliva for the detection of oral squamous cell carcinoma and their potential use for early diagnosis: a systematic review. 2016;74(3):170–177.
  4. Bohle G. Oral cancer update 2012. Be ever vigilant in diagnosis and early detection. J Okla Dent Assoc 2012;103(6):34–36.
  5. Jemal A, Bray F, Center MM, et al. Global cancer statistics. CA Cancer J Clin 2011;61(2):69–90. DOI: 10.3322/caac.20107.
  6. Mishra R. Biomarkers of oral premalignant epithelial lesions for clinical application. Oral Oncol 2012;48(7):578–584. DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2012.01.017.
  7. Mehrotra R, Gupta DK. Exciting new advances in oral cancer diagnosis: avenues to early detection. Head Neck Oncol 2011;3:33. DOI: 10.1186/1758-3284-3-33.
  8. Chiappin S, Antonelli G, Gatti R, et al. Saliva specimen: a new laboratory tool for diagnostic and basic investigation. Clin Chim Acta 2007;383(1–2):30. DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2007.04.011.
  9. Nagler RM, Klein I, Zarzhevsky N, et al. Characterization of the differentiated antioxidant profile of human saliva. Free Radic Biol Med 32(3):268–277. DOI: 10.1016/S0891-5849(01)00806-1.
  10. Reznick AZ, Hershkovich O, Nagler RM. Saliva—a pivotal player in the pathogenesis of oropharyngeal cancer. Br J Cancer 2004;91(1):111–118. DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6601869.
  11. Wu HJ, Chi CW, Liu TY. Effects of pH on nicotine-induced DNA damage and oxidative stress. J Toxicol Environ Health A 2005;68(17–18): 1511–1523. DOI: 10.1080/15287390590967478.
  12. Shpitzer T, Bahar G, Feinmesser R, et al. A comprehensive salivary analysis for oral cancer diagnosis. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2007;133(9):613–617. DOI: 10.1007/s00432-007-0207-z.
  13. Fuchs PN, Rogi D, Vidovi D, et al. Salivary Analytes in Patients with Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Coll Antropol 2011;35(2):359–362.
  14. Navazesh M. Methods for collecting saliva. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1993;694:72–77. DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1993.tb18343.x.
  15. Zuabi O, Machtei EE, Ben-Aryeh H, et al. The Effect of Smoking and Periodontal Treatment on Salivary Composition in Patients With Established Periodontitis. J Periodontol. 1999;70(10):1240–1246. DOI: 10.1902/jop.1999.70.10.1240.
  16. Mandel ID. Sialochemistry in Diseases and Clinical Situations Affecting Salivary Glands. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 1980;12(4):321. DOI: 10.3109/10408368009108733.
  17. Marder MZ, Abelson DC, Mandel ID. Salivary Alterations in Diabetes Mellitus. J Periodontol. 1975;46(9):567. DOI: 10.1902/jop.1975.46.9.567.
  18. Ben-Aryeh H, Krivoy N, Makhoul N, et al. The correlation between serum digoxin and electrolytes in saliva and erythrocytes in digitalized patients. J Oral Med 1982;37(4):124.
PDF Share
PDF Share

© Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) LTD.