Journal of Contemporary Dentistry

Register      Login

VOLUME 7 , ISSUE 2 ( May-August, 2017 ) > List of Articles

ORIGINAL RESEARCH

Association between Obesity and Periodontitis in a South Indian Population: A Cross-sectional Study

Sudhir R Patil, Komal D Walia, Surabhi Gigras, Veena HR

Citation Information : Patil SR, Walia KD, Gigras S, HR V. Association between Obesity and Periodontitis in a South Indian Population: A Cross-sectional Study. J Contemp Dent 2017; 7 (2):103-106.

DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10031-1194

License: CC BY 3.0

Published Online: 01-06-2014

Copyright Statement:  Copyright © 2017; The Author(s).


Abstract

Aim

The aim of the study was to assess the relationship between obesity and periodontal status as well as evaluate its association with other demographic variables like age and gender among patients in KLE Society’s Institute of Dental Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.

Materials and methods

A total of 200 patients (aged between 18 and 70 years) visiting the KLE Dental College in Bengaluru were analyzed for obesity and periodontal status. The body mass index (BMI) was used as an indicator of obesity and calculated as the ratio of the subject’s body weight (in kg) to the square of the height (in meters). Periodontal status was evaluated using community periodontal index (CPI). The relationship between BMI and periodontal status was assessed using binary multiple logistic regression analysis.

Results

Results indicated a positive correlation between BMI and periodontitis in the study group. Logistic regression analysis revealed that risk of periodontitis increases by 38% for each 1 kg/m2 increase in BMI. The risk of periodontitis increases with increase in age and influence of gender is not found to be significant.

Conclusion

Obesity could be a potential risk factor for periodontitis. Estimation of the BMI could, thus, be used in periodontal risk assessment.

Clinical significance

Obesity, as measured by BMI, is hypothesized to be involved in immunoinflammatory alterations, including periodontitis. The study also showed that obesity can be a potential risk factor for periodontitis. The BMI measurement should be used regularly as a part of periodontal risk assessment. Moreover, periodontists should counsel obese persons regarding the possible oral complications of obesity, to diminish morbidity for these individuals.

How to cite this article

Gigras S, Patil SR, Veena HR, Walia KD. Association between Obesity and Periodontitis in a South Indian Population: A Cross-sectional Study. J Contemp Dent 2017;7(2):103-106.


HTML PDF Share
  1. Health: the basics. 6th ed. Los Angeles (CA): Pearson Education; 2002. p. 268-289.
  2. Obesity and periodontal disease in young, middle-aged and older adults. J Periodontol 2003 May;74(5):610-615.
  3. Association between chronic periodontal disease and obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Periodontol 2010 Dec;81(12):1708-1724.
  4. Metabolic disorders related to obesity and periodontal disease. Periodontol 2000 2007 Feb;43(1):254-266.
  5. Obesity and periodontitis. N Engl J Med 1998 Aug;339(7):482-483.
  6. Relationship between upper body obesity and periodontitis. J Dent Res 2001 Jul;80(7):1631-1636.
  7. Comparison of body composition and periodontal disease using nutritional assessment techniques: Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III). J Clin Periodontol 2003 Apr;30(4):321-327.
  8. Overweight and obesity as risk indicators for periodontitis in adults. J Periodontol 2005 Oct;76(10):1721-1728.
  9. Obesity and periodontitis in 60-70-year-old men. J Clin Periodontol 2007 Jun;34(6):461-466.
  10. Relationship between body mass index and periodontitis in young Japanese adults. J Periodontal Res 2008 Aug;43(4):417-421.
  11. Association between body weight and periodontal infection. J Clin Periodontol 2008 Apr;35(4):297-304.
  12. The association between periodontal disease and obesity among adults in Jordan. J Clin Periodontol 2009 Jan;36(1):18-24.
  13. Relation of body mass index, periodontitis and Tannerella forsythia. J Clin Periodontol 2009 Feb;36(2):89-99.
  14. Risk indicators of periodontal disease in older Thai adults. J Periodontol 2005 Apr;76(4):558-565.
  15. Obesity and its role in oral health. IJAHSP 2007 Jan;5(1):1-5.
  16. Appropriate body mass index for Asian populations and its implications for policy and intervention strategies. Lancet 2004 Jan;363(9403):158-163.
  17. Community periodontal index. In: Oral health surveys: basic methods. 4th ed. Geneva: WHO; 1997. p. 1–66.
  18. Measuring diagnostic consistency. Br Dent J 1989 May;166(10):377–381.
  19. Relationship between smoking status and periodontal conditions: findings from national database in Japan. J Periodontal Res 2006 Dec;41(6):573-579.
  20. Adipose tissue as an endocrine organ. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2004 Jun;89(6):2548-2556.
  21. Assessment of relationship between body mass index and periodontal status among state government employees in Shimla, Himachal Pradesh. J Int Soc Prevent Communit Dent 2013 Jul-Dec;3(2):77-80.
  22. Obesity and periodontitis: a clinical study. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2011 Jul;15(3):240-244.
  23. Association between obesity and periodontal disease: a cross–sectional study. Saudi J Obesity 2013;1(2):71-75.
  24. The relationship between oral health status and Body Mass Index among older people: a national survey of older people in Great Britain. Br Dent J 2002 Jun;192(12):703–706.
  25. Total body weight and waist circumference associated with chronic periodontitis among adolescents in the United States. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2006 Sep;160(9):894–899.
  26. Current view of risk factors for periodontal diseases. J Periodontol 1996 Oct;67(10 Suppl):1041-1049.
  27. Effect of controlled oral hygiene procedures on caries and periodontal disease in adults. J Clin Periodontol 1978 May;5(2):133-151.
  28. Frequency distribution of individuals aged 20-70 years according to severity of periodontal disease experience in 1973 and 1983. J Clin Periodontol 1992 Apr;19(4):227-232.
  29. Radiographic and clinical assessments of destructive periodontal disease. J Clin Periodontol 1989 Oct;16(9):609-612.
  30. Natural history of periodontal disease in man. Rapid, moderate and no loss of attachment in Sri Lankan laborers 14 to 46 years of age. J Clin Periodontol 1986 May;13(5):431-445.
  31. Assessment of risk for periodontal disease. II. Risk indicators for alveolar bone loss. J Periodontol 1995 Jan;66(1):23-29.
  32. Women are periodontally healthier than men, but why don’t they have more teeth than men? Menopause 2008 Mar-Apr;15(2):270-275.
  33. The location of cemento enamel junction for CAL measurement: a clinical crisis. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2009 Jan;13(1):12-15.
PDF Share
PDF Share

© Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) LTD.